This indicator includes the estimated lifetime wages lost due to premature opioid-related mortality. This value is the sum of the product of the number of years of life lost due to premature opioid-related mortality and the average quarterly wages for county of residence—as reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics—adjusted for inflation and then discounted.

Naloxone is a life-saving medication that can reverse an overdose that is caused by an opioid drug (i.e. prescription pain medication or heroin). Naloxone may be obtained at a pharmacy using the statewide standing order (https://www.health.pa.gov/topics/Documents/Opioids/General%20Public%20Standing%20Order.pdf) signed by Secretary of Health, Dr. Rachel Levine. Naloxone may be covered by insurance and consumers are encouraged to check with their insurers to understand their insurance coverage for naloxone. Individuals covered by Medicaid can obtain naloxone without a copay. A video demonstrating how to administer nasal spray naloxone may be found here - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v26cDao4AcI&feature=youtu.be

More information about how naloxone works as a medication and frequently asked questions about obtaining and using naloxone may be found on the Department of Health’s Naloxone webpage (https://www.health.pa.gov/topics/disease/Opioids/Pages/Naloxone.aspx)

*This is a comprehensive listing of all pharmacies registered with the Department of State in Pennsylvania and does not guarantee that the pharmacy listed will have naloxone in stock.

This indicator includes the estimated total lost productivity related to opioid use and the associated lost tax revenue for the state.

View annual counts of Accidental or Undetermined overdose deaths for 2012 forward, including provisional estimates of annual counts of overdose deaths for recent years, as noted with an asterisk and the month the data was pulled. NOTE: Finalized death records for overdose deaths are often delayed by 3-6 months. Counties labeled “no value” have data suppressed because the counts are between 1 and 9.
Dataset includes overdose deaths where the Manner of Death is Accidental or Undetermined.
County complement counts file located here - https://data.pa.gov/Opioid-Related/Estimated-Accidental-and-Undetermined-Drug-Overdos/azzc-q64m

Overdose Deaths are classified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD–10). Accidental and Undetermined drug overdose deaths are identified using underlying cause-of-death codes X40–X44, and Y10–Y14, and include
- R99 when the Injury Description indicates an overdose death.
- X49 when literal COD is Mixed or Combined or Multiple Substance Toxicity, as these are likely drug overdoses
- X47 when substance indicated is difluoroethane, alone or in combination with other drugs
Source Pennsylvania Prescription Drug Monitoring Program *
* These data were supplied by the Bureau of Health Statistics and Registries, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The Bureau of Health Statistics and Registries specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations or conclusions.
- Estimates are broken down by type of drugs involved in the overdose
- Any Drug Overdose Death - all drug overdose deaths, regardless of type of drug involved, excluding alcohol only deaths
- Opioid Overdose Death - any overdose death involving opioids, prescription or illegal

Statewide rates of maternal hospital stays with opioid use per 1,000 maternal stays.

Maternal stays include those involving a delivery, as well as other pregnancy-related stays. Opioid use, or opioid use disorder, is a diagnosis indicating opioid dependence, abuse, or use. Some opioid drugs may be prescribed as part of medication-assisted treatment to relieve withdrawal symptoms and psychological cravings often associated with opioid use disorders. Opioid use during pregnancy can lead to Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) for newborns.

This analysis is restricted to maternal hospital stays for Pennsylvania-state residents who were hospitalized in Pennsylvania hospitals.

Disclaimer:
PHC4’s database contains statewide hospital discharge data submitted to PHC4 by Pennsylvania hospitals. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information obtained from the Uniform Claims and Billing Form (UB-82/92/04) data elements. Computer collection edits and validation edits provide opportunity to correct specific errors that may have occurred prior to, during or after submission of data. The ultimate responsibility for data accuracy lies with individual providers.

PHC4 agents and staff make no representation, guarantee, or warranty, expressed or implied that the data received from the hospitals are error-free, or that the use of this data will prevent differences of opinion or disputes with those who use published reports or purchased data. PHC4 will bear no responsibility or liability for the results or consequences of its use.

This data set includes the estimated number of individuals in Pennsylvania with Drug Use Disorder, which is an approximation for Opioid Use Disorder prevalence. The estimates are developed by applying mortality weights derived from the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics to statewide illicit drug use estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration).

This dataset is quarterly data by county, including inmate admissions, average Texas Christian University Drug Screen II (TCU) score, number and percent of inmate admissions who identify opioids as top three drug of choice, inmates with a substance abuse problem, and number and percent who used opioids in the year prior to admission.
This data is available starting with the first Quarter of Calendar Year 2016.

View annual counts of Accidental or Undetermined overdose deaths for 2012 forward, including provisional estimates of annual counts of overdose deaths for recent years, as noted with an asterisk and the month the data was pulled.
NOTE: Finalized death records for overdose deaths are often delayed by 3-6 months. Counties labeled “no value” have data suppressed because the counts are between 1 and 9.

- Overdose Deaths are classified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD–10). Drug-poisoning deaths are identified using underlying cause-of-death codes X40–X44, and Y10–Y14, and include the following:

- R99 when the Injury Description indicates an overdose death.

- X49 when literal COD is Mixed or Combined or Multiple Substance Toxicity, as these are likely drug overdoses

- X47 when substance indicated is difluoroethane, alone or in combination with other drugs

- Source Pennsylvania Prescription Drug Monitoring Program*

* These data were supplied by the Bureau of Health Statistics and Registries, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The Bureau of Health Statistics and Registries specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations or conclusions.

- Estimates are broken down by type of drugs involved in the overdose

- Any Drug Overdose Death - all drug overdose deaths, regardless of type of drug involved, excluding alcohol only deaths

- Opioid Overdose Death - any overdose death involving opioids, prescription or illegal

Percent of Pennsylvania maternal hospital stays, categorized by the presence or absence of opioid use, with Medicaid as the primary payer as listed in the hospital record.

Maternal stays include those involving a delivery, as well as other pregnancy-related stays. Opioid use, or opioid use disorder, is a diagnosis indicating opioid dependence, abuse, or use. Some opioid drugs may be prescribed as part of medication-assisted treatment to relieve withdrawal symptoms and psychological cravings often associated with opioid use disorders. Opioid use during pregnancy can lead to Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) for newborns.

This analysis is restricted to maternal hospital stays with Pennsylvania-state residence who were hospitalized in Pennsylvania hospitals.

Disclaimer:
PHC4’s database contains statewide hospital discharge data submitted to PHC4 by Pennsylvania hospitals. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information obtained from the Uniform Claims and Billing Form (UB-82/92/04) data elements. Computer collection edits and validation edits provide opportunity to correct specific errors that may have occurred prior to, during or after submission of data. The ultimate responsibility for data accuracy lies with individual providers.

PHC4 agents and staff make no representation, guarantee, or warranty, expressed or implied that the data received from the hospitals are error-free, or that the use of this data will prevent differences of opinion or disputes with those who use published reports or purchased data. PHC4 will bear no responsibility or liability for the results or consequences of its use.

This indicator includes the rate of hospitalization per 1,000 individuals estimated to have Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) for Opioid Use Disorder, Intracranial and intraspinal Abscess, Osteomyelitis, Endocarditis, Soft skin tissue infection, and Viral Hepatitis (B, C, and D) for individuals diagnosed with OUD in the same calendar year.
Analyses were completed by the University of Pittsburgh using data from the PA Health Care Cost Containment Council and in cooperation with PA DOH.
PHC4’s database contains statewide hospital discharge data submitted to PHC4 by Pennsylvania hospitals. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information obtained from the Uniform Claims and Billing Form (UB-82/92/04) data elements. Computer collection edits and validation edits provide opportunity to correct specific errors that may have occurred prior to, during or after submission of data. The ultimate responsibility for data accuracy lies with individual providers.