Chart shows data starting with Calendar Year (CY) 2014 Statewide. In Pennsylvania, juvenile court jurisdiction extends over individuals who have been alleged to have committed a delinquent act, as defined by 42 Pa. C. S. § 6301 et seq., on or after their tenth birthday and prior to reaching eighteen years of age. Juvenile court supervision can extend until the individual is twenty-one years of age if the individual is currently under supervision. Age for purposes of this section was calculated from the juvenile’s date of birth to the date of the offense in the written allegation.

Startup early survival rate is one major piece of capturing Pennsylvania's early-stage entrepreneurship quality. It is important to focus on the survival of startups as they are responsible for essentially all new job growth in the U.S. economy. The Kauffman Foundation more fully explores this facet of the economy in this series: https://indicators.kauffman.org/series/earlystage.

It is important to consider that this metric captures all new businesses, not just those that are considered to be innovative, or offer a new product or process to the market.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Business Employment Dynamics Survey

View trends in overdose rates for Any Drug Overdoses, Any Opioid Overdoses and Heroin Overdoses at the state and county level by Patient Residence Location.
Please see Overdose Data Technical Notes for additional details: http://www.health.pa.gov/Your-Department-of-Health/Offices%20and%20Bureaus/PaPrescriptionDrugMonitoringProgram/Documents/OverdoseDataTechnicalNotes.pdf

This measure is both a factor for and outcome of a healthy, thriving economy. An inflow of new working-age adults to a region attracts outside companies and enables growing companies to stay. Outsiders bring new skills and ideas and help connect the region to the national and global economy. Research shows cross-regional migration may also drive up local wages. (1) Finally, net positive migration is a measure of a region’s attractiveness regarding amenities, school quality, safety, and a variety of high-quality jobs.

(1) Zabek, Mike (2019). “Local Ties in Spatial Equilibrium,” Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2019-080. Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, https://doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2019.080.

U.S. Census 2019 5-Year ACS Survey - In-Migration by County and
U.S. Census 2019 5-Year ACS Survey - Out-Migration by County

The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Tech Transfer (STTR) programs are federal grants that allow small companies to conduct proof-of-concept research and develop prototypes, with the goal of commercialization. STTR grants require a partnership with a non-profit research institution. Awards are both an indicator and enabler of future business success. More about these grants can be learned at www.sbir.gov/about.

Source: SBIR/STTR Award Summary by Year (Small Business Administration)

The total Pennsylvania juvenile delinquency placement expenditures declined by 39.0% ($125,416,915) from State Fiscal Year (SFY) 2008/2009 through State Fiscal Year 2016/2017. Between State Fiscal Year 2015/2016 to State Fiscal Year 2016/2017, expenditure decreased by 6.8% (approximately $14.2 million).
This dataset represents the total Pennsylvania juvenile delinquency placement expenditure from State Fiscal Year 2008/2009 to State Fiscal Year 2017/2018.

Utility patents are also described as patents for invention, meaning they are one of the better measures of innovative development. PA lags behind its peers, and the national average on the number of patents per 100,000 residents. This metric is expanded upon and analyzed in this report from the Brookings Institution: https://www.brookings.edu/research/ideas-for-pennsylvania-innovation-examining-efforts-by-competitor-states-and-national-leaders/
Sources:
• Patents: USPTO
• State Population: U.S. Census via https://www.macrotrends.net/states/pennsylvania/population
• US Population: https://www.multpl.com/united-states-population/table/by-year

This indicator includes the number of days hospitalized for Opioid Use Disorder and the estimated lost wages due to hospitalization.
Analyses were completed by the University of Pittsburgh using data from the PA Health Care Cost Containment Council and in cooperation with PA DOH.
PHC4’s database contains statewide hospital discharge data submitted to PHC4 by Pennsylvania hospitals. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information obtained from the Uniform Claims and Billing Form (UB-82/92/04) data elements. Computer collection edits and validation edits provide opportunity to correct specific errors that may have occurred prior to, during or after submission of data. The ultimate responsibility for data accuracy lies with individual providers.

These graphs show the importance of foreign-owned companies to job creation in the Commonwealth. Foreign-owned companies tend to provide high wages because they are typically in high-tech, research-based industries. The presence of foreign-owned companies in a region may also attract other foreign firms, both within and outside of the same industry, ultimately creating more jobs for Pennsylvanians. (Brookings)

For the visualization, we define “foreign-owned companies” referring to the definition of “majority-owned U.S. affiliate” given by BEA (U.S. affiliate and Majority-owned U.S. affiliate). A foreign owned company is defined as a U.S. business enterprise in which there is foreign direct investment (FDI) and the combined ownership of all foreign parents exceeds 50 percent.

The FDI into Pennsylvania has been creating job opportunities in multiple industries, including manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, information, finance and insurance, real estate and rental and leasing, scientific & technical services, and manufacturing industry takes the largest proportion among them.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis - Foreign Direct Investment

While STEM graduates aren't the only contributors to PA’s innovation economy, the number of STEM degrees awarded each year serves as a proxy for the labor pool’s interests and its level of skill development and sophistication (Milken 2018 Report).

As businesses grow in PA, they need skilled and well-educated workers who are prepared for the innovation economy. STEM degree programs help equip students with the knowledge and skills they need to enter the workforce and be successful in a tech-driven, global economy. (PA Department of Education).

Note about data: This table presents data collected from Title IV institutions in the United States. Prior to 2009-10, the data include only Title IV primarily postsecondary institutions.

Source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Completions component final data (2001-02 - 2017-18) and provisional data (2018-19)